Ac induction motors are also the most common motors used in main powered home appliances. The rotor will constantly be turning to align its magnetic field with that of the stator field. The threephase induction motor is the extensively used for various kinds of industrial drives. This rotation of field is known as the synchronous speed. The control sampling frequency will be set at 20khz. Until now, weve seen the primary design of the dc motor. Fall 2005 ee595s electric drive systems 3 voltsperhertz control. It is logical that the least expensive, lowest maintenance type. A typical asynchronous motor is shown in figure 71. For variable speed drives, the source is normally an inverter that uses power.
A successful salesman for general electrics motor division once remarked to one of your instructors that, when asked by a customer how a motor. Threephase ac induction motors are widely used in industrial and commercial applications. List and describe the more commonly used equipment in an electric substation. Running a static motor starting study switch to motor acceleration analysis mode by clicking on the motor acceleration analysis button on the mode toolbar. The three phase induction motors are simple in construction, rugged, low cost and easy to maintain. It supplies an induction motor ich has a full load speed of 144wh 0 rpm. Overview of industrial motor control systems tutorial maxim. The derviation of equations for dynamic modeling of induction motor proceeds along following flowchart. Pdf speed control of induction motor using foc method. Due to its popularity, hundreds of books are available. What is common to all the members of this family is that the basic physical process involved in their operation is the conversion of electromagnetic energy to mechanical energy, and vice versa. Introduction to induction motor instrumentation and. If you are finding the applications of single phase induction motor then you are in right place.
Find out here with this article on induction motors. Induction motor is an ac electric motor, having a stator and a rotor just like other motors, but the working. All electric motors operate because of interaction between magnetic fields on the stator and rotor. Analysis three phase voltages supplied to the motor are as follows, 1 2 3 where, is the amplitude of terminal voltage, is the supply frequency. The 3phase set of currents, each of equal magnitude and with a phase. The induction motor is the most popular type of motor in the electrical industry.
We should choose the right motor according to requirements and motor specifications. Singlephase induction motor threephase induction motor singlephase induction motor there are probably more singlephase ac induction motors in use today than the total of all the other types put together. The induction motor block implements a threephase induction motor. Introduction to induction motor the engineering projects. How an induction motor works by equations and physics introduction. From the study case toolbar, open the motor starting study case editor. Induction motor theory jerry bednarczyk, pe course content introduction the ac induction motor is well suited to applications requiring constant speed operation. Difference is that transformer is an alternating flux machine while induction motor is rotating flux machine. When it comes to an ac motor, theres a ring of electromagnets arranged around the outside, known as the stator, which is designed to produce a rotating magnetic field.
Control of induction motor drive using artificial neural network. Introduction types of electrical machines types of 3ph induction motor basic principle working principle compnents of induction motor application comparision between 1ph i. These are of two types, squirrel cage and slip ring motors. Scroll to the bottom to watch the youtube tutorial on this article the induction motor is the most common type of electrical motor used in industry, and its used in pretty much everything, from elevators. The main methods employed for speed control of induction motors are as follows. The performance analyses of an induction motor due to specified fault conditions alperen usudum 1 and deniz bolukbas 1,2 1 figes, dept. International journal of engineering trends and technology. Hi all, let us begin the course on induction motors, in this video, we will have an introduction and basic construction concepts. Sep 27, 2016 induction motor is an ac electric motor, having a stator and a rotor just like other motors, but the working principle is a little different which would be discussed further.
Motoranalysis is capable of transient fembased simulation taking into account rotor motion, eddy currents, saturation of iron cores and etc. Design of a single sided linear induction motor slim using a user interactive computer program a thesis presented to the faculty of the graduate school university of missouricolumbia in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree master of science by sarveswara prasad bhamidi dr. In this video, the presenter is going to show you the working of an induction motor including its history, part lists, applications, etc. By default, the block sets the simulation type parameter to continuous to use a continuous sample time during simulation. The ac induction motor is the most popular motor for use in a wide range of speedbased applications. Lecture 6 three phase induction motors cairo university. Rotating magnetic field is the main component in induction machine, which is generated by stator and.
In general, the induction motor is cheaper and easier to maintain compared to other alternatives. This is an example of a model of an induction motor in which the eddy currents are induced in the rotor by the time harmonic currents on the stator windings and the rotation of the rotor. Fall 2005 ee595s electric drive systems 2 overview of strategies voltsperhertz control constant slip control fieldoriented control. Different speed control methods of induction motor are explained below. Induction motors and transformers both im and transformer works on the principle of induced voltage transformer. In common for induction machines is that the stator is made up of a stack of steel laminations pressed into a aluminum or cast iron frame, and.
Develop an induction motor model in matlab, then model the interturn fault. Motor analysis block diagram induction motor starting can be analyzed using electrical, mechanical, and thermal models which interact as diagrammed in figure 1. Additional resources for modeling motors in comsol multiphysics. The performance analyses of an induction motor due to. Two phase induction motor explanation for why modelling with a 2phase induction motor. Rotating flux is only possible when 3 phase voltage or poly phase which is 120 degree apart in time is applied to a three phase winding or poly phase winding 120 degree apart in space.
This conversion is usually obtained through the generation of a magnetic field by means of a current flowing into one or more coils. Specific emphasis will be given to pump applications. The rotor of an induction motor can be a squirrel cage rotor or wound. Induction motor data calculates the inductances and resistances of the well known equivalent circuit of the induction motor from the nameplate parameters. A metal ring at the ends resulting in a short circuit connects the wires along the rotor axis. Almost in all the applications there is a drastic move away from analog motor control to precision digital control of. This unwanted induced current is also called eddy current. A dc motor was among the first motor types put to practical use, and it is still popular where low initial cost and excellent drive performance are required. This paper investigates the development of a simplified speed control of induction motor based on indirect field oriented control foc. Be careful it can hurt to tangle with a threephase motor. If the name plate of the motor be 6 hp, 1500 rpm, what is the value of the current that the motor draws when it supplies a balanced three phase 440 v, 50 hz source. Target motor theory 4 3phase ac induction motor vector control motorola 3.
The induction motor is made up of the stator, or stationary windings, and the rotor. The summation of all torques acting on the motor shaft comprises the mechanical model. The video is presented in a simple animated tutorial for better understanding. A comprehensive tutorial showing the modelling of a traction motor with example files is given below. Selection of induction motors for industrial applications part 1 photo credit. Differentiate between the various types of generating electric power stations. Induction motor parameter measurement 2 note that the core loss resistor element is added to account for hysteresis and eddy currents. An induction motor, on the other hand, has a slightly different design than a dc motor. Induced currents in the rotor interact with the magnetic field that is produced by the coils to generate the driving torque on the rotor. Induction motor is an ac electric motor, having a stator and a rotor just like other motors, but the working principle is a little different which would be discussed further.
From the torque equation of induction motor, rotor resistance r 2 is constant and if slip s is small then sx 2 2 is so small that it can be neglected. Mostafa elshahed objectives learn a brief history of the electrical power systems construction. In this tutorial will describe how to model the electromagnetic performance of a. There are two types of induction motors, one is named as single phase induction motor, while the second one is named as 3 phase induction motor. Aug 20, 2004 the particular motor of interest is intended to be a 2 hp motor running on a 220 v rms linetoline, 50 hz, 3phase supply. The induction motor drive is a dynamic nonlinear system with uncertainty in the machine parameters. In the electrical model, the voltage, v, and the slip, s, determine the rotor current.
Try modeling an induction motor by checking out the following tutorial models. Varying both the input voltage and frequency advantages of vf technique methods of speed control of induction motor introduction to vf control technique. Motoranalysis simulation of induction motor startup. Analysis and modelling of an induction machine with a. Explain starting methods of 3 phase induction motor. Induction motor drives for variable speed applications, the dc motor drives are used in the past. It is true that single phase motors are less efficient substitute for 3phase motors but 3phase power is normally. This gives a good insight into the use of motorcad covering the electromagnetic, thermal and also duty cycle and efficiency map modelling of an automotive traction machine. These two steps also would be an induction motor project for undergraduate students. Sizes vary from fractional horsepower to several thousand horsepower used for such appli.
Single phase induction motor 1introduction the singlephase induction machine is the most frequently used motor for refrigerators, washing machines, clocks, drills, compressors, pumps, and so forth. So obviously the speed of an induction motor can be controlled by varying any of three factors namely supply frequency f, number of pole p or slip s. The motor drives a mechanical load at a speed of 1170 rpm. Applications of single phase induction motor pnpntransistor. The block uses the threephase input voltages to regulate the individual phase currents, allowing control of the motor torque or speed. The motor, used in this thesis work, is a two pole induction machine composed of a cage rotor and a stator containing windings connected to the 3phase power supply. An induction motor also known as an asynchronous motor is a commonly used ac electric motor. When the 3 phase supply is provided to the stator, a magnetic field is produced which rotates the rotor and motor starts. Motorcad induction motor combined electromagnetic and thermal model february 2015 description the motorcad allows the machine performance, losses and temperatures to be calculated for an induction machine.
Based on the motor, we will set the dc bus voltage at 650v, and the inverter switching frequency at 10khz. Mar 30, 2016 induction motor an induction or asynchronous motor is an ac electric motor in which the electric current in the rotor needed to produce torque is obtained by electromagnetic induction from the. Using matlab or excel or another computer program plot the torque speed curve for slip in the range 0 to 1. Testing can be conducted without interrupting the normal operation of the motor, and in fact should be performed when the motor is under a minimum of 70% load. The electric energy generated purchased by consumers for different needs. Induction motor basics, single phase and three phase. Motor current signature analysis mcsa is a proven and accepted method for determining the condition of a motors current carrying components. In an induction motor, the electric current in the rotor needed to produce torque is obtained via electromagnetic induction from the rotating magnetic field of the stator winding. What is common to all the members of this family is that the basic physical process involved in their operation is the conversion of electromagnetic energy. Here is an example of the 2d fembased simulation of the induction motor startup at rated load. How does a threephase alternating current induction motor work.
How an induction motor works by equations and physics. The standard dc motor has a fixed field on the stator, and a commutated field on the rotor. The winding configuration for one pole of the machine is pictured below in figure 3. Based on the collected data stator current waveform, the state of the fault can be analyzed. Introduction to induction motor by prezi user on prezi. Today, i am going to give you an introduction to induction motors, the term which is very common and familiar but still many of us do not know its working and difference from other motors. Here we will see some fundamental concepts behind the singlephase induction motor and why they are used in. Simple in design and rugged in construction, lower in cost and in maintenance the ac induction motor continues to dominate industrial and powered home applications. Advantages of 3 phase induction motor generally easy to build and cheaper than corresponding dc or synchronous motors induction motor is robust. In this example, we analyze the induction motor in 2d using the transient solver in the rotating machinery, magnetic interface.
Matlab simulation for speed control of three phase induction. The generator could deliver the desired power if the slip is controlled according to the load requirements. Induction motor video tutorialinduction motor youtube. This problem is overcome by the variable speed induction motor drive.
But at the starting of the induction motor, starting current is very large which may damage motor windings. The current loop bandwidth will be set at 1500 hz, and the speed loop bandwidth will be set at 200 hz. Basics of induction motors basics of electrical engineering. Hence, an utmost care should be exercised in selection of most appropriate type of motor considering number of technical factors for each application, so that the motor would provide desired and. The basic idea of an electric motor is to generate two magnetic fields. Mechanical energy what is an electric motor an electric motor is a device converting electrical energy into mechanical energy usually a torque. This tutorial will introduce the user to the fundamental electrical and mechanical principles of ac electric induction motor design and application.
Induction motors are the commonest type of motor and account for a very large proportion of heavy duty motors. The speed of an induction motor is given as n 120fp 1s. The induction motor is started by itself that we know. A three phase, 12 pole, salient pole alternator is coupled to a diesel engine running at 500 rpm. In the vibration in an induction motor tutorial model, eddy currents are induced in the rotor by timeharmonic currents in the stator windings and rotation of the rotor. The least expensive and most widely spread induction motor is the socalled squirrel cage motor. To develop dynamic model of induction motor, the three.
This hundredyearold motorinvented by the great scientist. Selection of induction motors for industrial applications. A 3 phase induction motor when supplied from a balanced 3, 50 hz source runs at a speed of 1420 r. An induction motor therefore does not require mechanical commutation, separateexcitation or selfexcitation for all or part of the energy transferred from stator to rotor, as in universal, dc and large synchronous motors. As with the stator, also the rotor core consists of electrically laminated steel sheets.
But this motor has several disadvantages like the presence of commutator and brushes due to which frequent maintenance is required. The thevenin voltage is the voltage applied to the. The invention of induction motors permanently altered the course of human civilization. Induction motors induce a current into an electromagnetic rotor in order to create rotation. Energy loss reduction in induction motor using combined statdelta winding. When three currents pass through these windings at an angle of 120 degrees a rotating magnetic field is generated.
Since these losses are a function of frequency, this term is only approximate and is sometimes. These motors are selfstarting and use no capacitor, start winding, centrifugal switch or other starting device. Apr 02, 2009 ac electric motor works on the principle of electro magnetic induction. The aim of this study is to improve tracking performance of the induction motor drive. The stator of an induction motor contains 3 single phase windings. It is logical that the least expensive, lowest maintenance type motor should be used most often. Motor speed relationship the synchronous speed of an ac motor is the speed of the rotating magnetic field set up by the stator winding synchronous speed rpm 120 x frequency divided by the number of poles. An induction motor always operates at a speed lower than the synchronous speed because the rotating magnetic field that occurs in the stator will generate flux in the rotor that will cause the rotor to rotate, but due to the delay of the flow current in the rotor with current flow in the stator, the rotor will never reach its rotating magnetic field speed, that is, the synchronous speed. Determine the slip and the number of poles of the motor. Electric motor an electric motor is an electromechanical device that converts electrical energy to mechanical energy. A 3 phase induction motor can be used for different applications with various speed and load requirements.
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